Environmental Science

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health IJERPH

S. Doukalli

IJERPH

IJERPH

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health is a transdisciplinary, peer-reviewed, open access journal published semimonthly online by MDPI. It covers Global Health, Healthcare Sciences, Behavioral and Mental Health, Infectious Diseases, Chronic Diseases and Disease Prevention, Exercise and Health Related Quality of Life, Environmental Health and Environmental Sciences. The International Society Doctors for the Environment (ISDE) and Italian Society of Environmental Medicine (SIMA) are affiliated with IJERPH and their members receive a discount on the article processing charges.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

IJERPH

IJERPH

Open Access

Scopus coverage years: from 2004 to Present

Publisher: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)

ISSN: 1661-7827

E-ISSN: 1660-4601

Subject area:

Medicine: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

Environmental Science: Pollution

Environmental Science: Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis

Source type: Journal

Source Homepage

Edit This Article

Tags Environmental Science Journal Medicine Pollution

You may like these posts

Comments

Font Size

+

16

-

lines height

+

2

-

window['__wavt'] = 'AOuZoY5J1prJAtfV-BwfhV24fWQ8W730bw:1722060072640';_WidgetManager._Init('//www.blogger.com/rearrange?blogID\x3d7351657281890867296','//www.scopujournals.com/2023/09/international-journal-of-environmental.html','7351657281890867296'); _WidgetManager._SetDataContext([{'name': 'blog', 'data': {'blogId': '7351657281890867296', 'title': 'ScopuJournals', 'url': 'https://www.scopujournals.com/2023/09/international-journal-of-environmental.html', 'canonicalUrl': 'https://www.scopujournals.com/2023/09/international-journal-of-environmental.html', 'homepageUrl': 'https://www.scopujournals.com/', 'searchUrl': 'https://www.scopujournals.com/search', 'canonicalHomepageUrl': 'https://www.scopujournals.com/', 'blogspotFaviconUrl': 'https://www.scopujournals.com/favicon.ico', 'bloggerUrl': 'https://www.blogger.com', 'hasCustomDomain': true, 'httpsEnabled': true, 'enabledCommentProfileImages': true, 'gPlusViewType': 'FILTERED_POSTMOD', 'adultContent': false, 'analyticsAccountNumber': 'G-QMMNH2X508', 'analytics4': true, 'encoding': 'UTF-8', 'locale': 'en', 'localeUnderscoreDelimited': 'en', 'languageDirection': 'ltr', 'isPrivate': false, 'isMobile': false, 'isMobileRequest': false, 'mobileClass': '', 'isPrivateBlog': false, 'isDynamicViewsAvailable': true, 'feedLinks': '\x3clink rel\x3d\x22alternate\x22 type\x3d\x22application/atom+xml\x22 title\x3d\x22ScopuJournals - Atom\x22 href\x3d\x22https://www.scopujournals.com/feeds/posts/default\x22 /\x3e\n\x3clink rel\x3d\x22alternate\x22 type\x3d\x22application/rss+xml\x22 title\x3d\x22ScopuJournals - RSS\x22 href\x3d\x22https://www.scopujournals.com/feeds/posts/default?alt\x3drss\x22 /\x3e\n\x3clink rel\x3d\x22service.post\x22 type\x3d\x22application/atom+xml\x22 title\x3d\x22ScopuJournals - Atom\x22 href\x3d\x22https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7351657281890867296/posts/default\x22 /\x3e\n\n\x3clink rel\x3d\x22alternate\x22 type\x3d\x22application/atom+xml\x22 title\x3d\x22ScopuJournals - Atom\x22 href\x3d\x22https://www.scopujournals.com/feeds/3685100263234523817/comments/default\x22 /\x3e\n', 'meTag': '', 'adsenseClientId': 'ca-pub-3012689591656200', 'adsenseHostId': 'ca-host-pub-1556223355139109', 'adsenseHasAds': true, 'adsenseAutoAds': true, 'boqCommentIframeForm': true, 'loginRedirectParam': '', 'view': '', 'dynamicViewsCommentsSrc': '//www.blogblog.com/dynamicviews/4224c15c4e7c9321/js/comments.js', 'dynamicViewsScriptSrc': '//www.blogblog.com/dynamicviews/cb9ac0d38b292957', 'plusOneApiSrc': 'https://apis.google.com/js/platform.js', 'disableGComments': true, 'interstitialAccepted': false, 'sharing': {'platforms': [{'name': 'Get link', 'key': 'link', 'shareMessage': 'Get link', 'target': ''}, {'name': 'Facebook', 'key': 'facebook', 'shareMessage': 'Share to Facebook', 'target': 'facebook'}, {'name': 'BlogThis!', 'key': 'blogThis', 'shareMessage': 'BlogThis!', 'target': 'blog'}, {'name': 'Twitter', 'key': 'twitter', 'shareMessage': 'Share to Twitter', 'target': 'twitter'}, {'name': 'Pinterest', 'key': 'pinterest', 'shareMessage': 'Share to Pinterest', 'target': 'pinterest'}, {'name': 'Email', 'key': 'email', 'shareMessage': 'Email', 'target': 'email'}], 'disableGooglePlus': true, 'googlePlusShareButtonWidth': 0, 'googlePlusBootstrap': '\x3cscript type\x3d\x22text/javascript\x22\x3ewindow.___gcfg \x3d {\x27lang\x27: \x27en\x27};\x3c/script\x3e'}, 'hasCustomJumpLinkMessage': false, 'jumpLinkMessage': 'Read more', 'pageType': 'item', 'postId': '3685100263234523817', 'postImageThumbnailUrl': 'https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjxuX1i_n3HlY9y7xFpAusJPfa02HMxGZu2G2loMH_ph90nTAezCC5-tNiPK2_u3no2FKea5eHox3TZ-hzXtESlJB9VoCOQwvz5-knqR3PsJB4ze1dzAcJgwmbQ8ot9hXoLdETzvh4nTOsBT4wjSrEM07mjp7VlhyBpfPP24_x6AjLMw-n2-sGllzmtXes/s72-c/IJERPH.jpg', 'postImageUrl': 'https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjxuX1i_n3HlY9y7xFpAusJPfa02HMxGZu2G2loMH_ph90nTAezCC5-tNiPK2_u3no2FKea5eHox3TZ-hzXtESlJB9VoCOQwvz5-knqR3PsJB4ze1dzAcJgwmbQ8ot9hXoLdETzvh4nTOsBT4wjSrEM07mjp7VlhyBpfPP24_x6AjLMw-n2-sGllzmtXes/s16000/IJERPH.jpg', 'pageName': 'International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health IJERPH', 'pageTitle': 'ScopuJournals: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health IJERPH', 'metaDescription': 'International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health is a transdisciplinary, peer-reviewed,'}}, {'name': 'features', 'data': {}}, {'name': 'messages', 'data': {'edit': 'Edit', 'linkCopiedToClipboard': 'Link copied to clipboard!', 'ok': 'Ok', 'postLink': 'Post Link'}}, {'name': 'template', 'data': {'name': 'custom', 'localizedName': 'Custom', 'isResponsive': true, 'isAlternateRendering': false, 'isCustom': true}}, {'name': 'view', 'data': {'classic': {'name': 'classic', 'url': '?view\x3dclassic'}, 'flipcard': {'name': 'flipcard', 'url': '?view\x3dflipcard'}, 'magazine': {'name': 'magazine', 'url': '?view\x3dmagazine'}, 'mosaic': {'name': 'mosaic', 'url': '?view\x3dmosaic'}, 'sidebar': {'name': 'sidebar', 'url': '?view\x3dsidebar'}, 'snapshot': {'name': 'snapshot', 'url': '?view\x3dsnapshot'}, 'timeslide': {'name': 'timeslide', 'url': '?view\x3dtimeslide'}, 'isMobile': false, 'title': 'International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health IJERPH', 'description': 'International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health is a transdisciplinary, peer-reviewed,', 'featuredImage': 'https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjxuX1i_n3HlY9y7xFpAusJPfa02HMxGZu2G2loMH_ph90nTAezCC5-tNiPK2_u3no2FKea5eHox3TZ-hzXtESlJB9VoCOQwvz5-knqR3PsJB4ze1dzAcJgwmbQ8ot9hXoLdETzvh4nTOsBT4wjSrEM07mjp7VlhyBpfPP24_x6AjLMw-n2-sGllzmtXes/s16000/IJERPH.jpg', 'url': 'https://www.scopujournals.com/2023/09/international-journal-of-environmental.html', 'type': 'item', 'isSingleItem': true, 'isMultipleItems': false, 'isError': false, 'isPage': false, 'isPost': true, 'isHomepage': false, 'isArchive': false, 'isLabelSearch': false, 'postId': 3685100263234523817}}, {'name': 'widgets', 'data': [{'title': 'BlogArchive', 'type': 'BlogArchive', 'sectionId': 'sitting', 'id': 'BlogArchive400'}, {'title': 'BlogLabels', 'type': 'Label', 'sectionId': 'sitting', 'id': 'Label400'}, {'title': 'ScopuJournals (Header)', 'type': 'Header', 'sectionId': 'logo', 'id': 'Header1'}, {'title': 'Pages', 'type': 'PageList', 'sectionId': 'pages', 'id': 'PageList1'}, {'title': 'Social Media icons', 'type': 'LinkList', 'sectionId': 'topsocialL', 'id': 'LinkList3'}, {'title': 'Main Menu', 'type': 'LinkList', 'sectionId': 'menu', 'id': 'LinkList001'}, {'title': 'ad under header [only pc]', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'Topa3lan-sc', 'id': 'HTML100'}, {'title': 'ad under header [only mopile]', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'Topa3lan-sc2', 'id': 'HTML101'}, {'title': 'search ...', 'type': 'BlogSearch', 'sectionId': 'searchform', 'id': 'BlogSearch2'}, {'title': 'Also Like', 'type': 'Label', 'sectionId': 'searchform', 'id': 'Label002'}, {'title': 'Comments menu', 'type': 'TextList', 'sectionId': 'sitteng-menu hide', 'id': 'TextList88'}, {'title': 'table of contents feature', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'AddOns', 'id': 'HTML1'}, {'title': 'See Also feature', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'AddOns', 'id': 'HTML2'}, {'title': 'contact form', 'type': 'ContactForm', 'sectionId': 'AddOns', 'id': 'ContactForm200'}, {'title': 'last posts', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'shreeta5bar', 'id': 'HTML300'}, {'title': '', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'TopPost-sc', 'id': 'HTML3'}, {'title': '', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'TopPost-sc', 'id': 'HTML14'}, {'title': 'Engineering', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'Postnw1', 'id': 'HTML6'}, {'title': 'Education', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'Postnw2', 'id': 'HTML5'}, {'title': 'Mathematics', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'Postnw3', 'id': 'HTML4'}, {'title': 'Chemistry', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'Postcs1', 'id': 'HTML7'}, {'title': 'Blog Posts', 'type': 'Blog', 'sectionId': 'Tempnec', 'id': 'Blog1', 'posts': [{'id': '3685100263234523817', 'title': 'International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health IJERPH', 'featuredImage': 'https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjxuX1i_n3HlY9y7xFpAusJPfa02HMxGZu2G2loMH_ph90nTAezCC5-tNiPK2_u3no2FKea5eHox3TZ-hzXtESlJB9VoCOQwvz5-knqR3PsJB4ze1dzAcJgwmbQ8ot9hXoLdETzvh4nTOsBT4wjSrEM07mjp7VlhyBpfPP24_x6AjLMw-n2-sGllzmtXes/s16000/IJERPH.jpg', 'showInlineAds': false}], 'footerBylines': [{'regionName': 'footer1', 'items': [{'name': 'comments', 'label': 'comments'}, {'name': 'share', 'label': ''}]}, {'regionName': 'footer2', 'items': [{'name': 'labels', 'label': ''}]}], 'allBylineItems': [{'name': 'comments', 'label': 'comments'}, {'name': 'share', 'label': ''}, {'name': 'labels', 'label': ''}]}, {'title': 'Main Post Ad\x27s', 'type': 'LinkList', 'sectionId': 'PostA3lan', 'id': 'LinkList005'}, {'title': 'Medicine', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'Postcs5', 'id': 'HTML10'}, {'title': 'Biological Sciences', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'Postcs8', 'id': 'HTML13'}, {'title': 'Social Sciences', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'Postcs8', 'id': 'HTML15'}, {'title': 'social media', 'type': 'LinkList', 'sectionId': 'sidepar', 'id': 'LinkList4'}, {'title': 'Follow us', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'sidepar', 'id': 'HTML8'}, {'title': '', 'type': 'PopularPosts', 'sectionId': 'sidepar', 'id': 'PopularPosts1', 'posts': [{'title': 'Scopus Indexed Journals of Nigeria', 'id': 1618947931190733836}, {'title': 'Business, Management and Accounting Scopus Indexed journals', 'id': 7631161495199165993}, {'title': 'Scopus Indexed Journals List - I -', 'id': 3227352014566027681}, {'title': 'Paid Scopus indexed journals with fast publication', 'id': 7784524439560412706}, {'title': 'Scopus Indexed Journals List in Management 2024', 'id': 2316969027282113288}]}, {'title': 'Labels', 'type': 'Label', 'sectionId': 'sidepar', 'id': 'Label1'}, {'title': 'Pages', 'type': 'PageList', 'sectionId': 'sidepar', 'id': 'PageList2'}, {'title': 'Videos', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'BotPostsc', 'id': 'HTML11'}, {'title': 'Total Pageviews', 'type': 'Stats', 'sectionId': 'footer-col3', 'id': 'Stats1'}, {'title': 'Latest Comments', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'footer-col4', 'id': 'HTML12'}]}]); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_BlogArchiveView', new _WidgetInfo('BlogArchive400', 'sitting', document.getElementById('BlogArchive400'), {'languageDirection': 'ltr', 'loadingMessage': 'Loading\x26hellip;'}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_LabelView', new _WidgetInfo('Label400', 'sitting', document.getElementById('Label400'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HeaderView', new _WidgetInfo('Header1', 'logo', document.getElementById('Header1'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_PageListView', new _WidgetInfo('PageList1', 'pages', document.getElementById('PageList1'), {'title': 'Pages', 'links': [{'isCurrentPage': false, 'href': 'https://www.scopujournals.com/p/privacy-policy.html', 'id': '3240507912264293661', 'title': 'Privacy Policy'}, {'isCurrentPage': false, 'href': 'https://www.scopujournals.com/p/about-us.html', 'id': '2925298357925558729', 'title': 'About Us'}, {'isCurrentPage': false, 'href': 'https://www.scopujournals.com/p/contact.html', 'id': '7272230009935952120', 'title': 'Contact us'}, {'isCurrentPage': false, 'href': 'https://www.scopujournals.com/p/sitemap.html', 'id': '2547357606551975183', 'title': 'SiteMap'}], 'mobile': false, 'showPlaceholder': true, 'hasCurrentPage': false}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_LinkListView', new _WidgetInfo('LinkList3', 'topsocialL', document.getElementById('LinkList3'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_LinkListView', new _WidgetInfo('LinkList001', 'menu', document.getElementById('LinkList001'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML100', 'Topa3lan-sc', document.getElementById('HTML100'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML101', 'Topa3lan-sc2', document.getElementById('HTML101'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_BlogSearchView', new _WidgetInfo('BlogSearch2', 'searchform', document.getElementById('BlogSearch2'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_LabelView', new _WidgetInfo('Label002', 'searchform', document.getElementById('Label002'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_TextListView', new _WidgetInfo('TextList88', 'sitteng-menu hide', document.getElementById('TextList88'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML1', 'AddOns', document.getElementById('HTML1'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML2', 'AddOns', document.getElementById('HTML2'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_ContactFormView', new _WidgetInfo('ContactForm200', 'AddOns', document.getElementById('ContactForm200'), {'contactFormMessageSendingMsg': 'Sending...', 'contactFormMessageSentMsg': 'Your message has been sent.', 'contactFormMessageNotSentMsg': 'Message could not be sent. Please try again later.', 'contactFormInvalidEmailMsg': 'A valid email address is required.', 'contactFormEmptyMessageMsg': 'Message field cannot be empty.', 'title': 'contact form', 'blogId': '7351657281890867296', 'contactFormNameMsg': 'Name', 'contactFormEmailMsg': 'Email', 'contactFormMessageMsg': 'Message', 'contactFormSendMsg': 'Send', 'contactFormToken': 'AOuZoY5fWLpKHA7IchuP3HztUtRG-r7WXw:1722060072640', 'submitUrl': 'https://www.blogger.com/contact-form.do'}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML300', 'shreeta5bar', document.getElementById('HTML300'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML3', 'TopPost-sc', document.getElementById('HTML3'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML14', 'TopPost-sc', document.getElementById('HTML14'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML6', 'Postnw1', document.getElementById('HTML6'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML5', 'Postnw2', document.getElementById('HTML5'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML4', 'Postnw3', document.getElementById('HTML4'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML7', 'Postcs1', document.getElementById('HTML7'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_BlogView', new _WidgetInfo('Blog1', 'Tempnec', document.getElementById('Blog1'), {'cmtInteractionsEnabled': false, 'lightboxEnabled': true, 'lightboxModuleUrl': 'https://www.blogger.com/static/v1/jsbin/3468905305-lbx.js', 'lightboxCssUrl': 'https://www.blogger.com/static/v1/v-css/13464135-lightbox_bundle.css'}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_LinkListView', new _WidgetInfo('LinkList005', 'PostA3lan', document.getElementById('LinkList005'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML10', 'Postcs5', document.getElementById('HTML10'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML13', 'Postcs8', document.getElementById('HTML13'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML15', 'Postcs8', document.getElementById('HTML15'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_LinkListView', new _WidgetInfo('LinkList4', 'sidepar', document.getElementById('LinkList4'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML8', 'sidepar', document.getElementById('HTML8'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_PopularPostsView', new _WidgetInfo('PopularPosts1', 'sidepar', document.getElementById('PopularPosts1'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_LabelView', new _WidgetInfo('Label1', 'sidepar', document.getElementById('Label1'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_PageListView', new _WidgetInfo('PageList2', 'sidepar', document.getElementById('PageList2'), {'title': 'Pages', 'links': [{'isCurrentPage': false, 'href': 'https://www.scopujournals.com/p/formal-science.html', 'id': '6560729270194540176', 'title': 'Formal Sciences'}, {'isCurrentPage': false, 'href': 'https://www.scopujournals.com/p/2-social-sciences.html', 'id': '5581324136804536913', 'title': 'Social Sciences'}, {'isCurrentPage': false, 'href': 'https://www.scopujournals.com/p/health-sciences.html', 'id': '913362000179736983', 'title': 'Health Sciences'}, {'isCurrentPage': false, 'href': 'https://www.scopujournals.com/p/physical-sciences.html', 'id': '8295534219620840779', 'title': 'Physical Sciences'}, {'isCurrentPage': false, 'href': 'https://www.scopujournals.com/p/1-life-sciences.html', 'id': '8067503525980053917', 'title': 'Life Sciences'}], 'mobile': false, 'showPlaceholder': true, 'hasCurrentPage': false}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML11', 'BotPostsc', document.getElementById('HTML11'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_StatsView', new _WidgetInfo('Stats1', 'footer-col3', document.getElementById('Stats1'), {'title': 'Total Pageviews', 'showGraphicalCounter': false, 'showAnimatedCounter': false, 'showSparkline': true, 'statsUrl': '//www.scopujournals.com/b/stats?style\x3dBLACK_TRANSPARENT\x26timeRange\x3dALL_TIME\x26token\x3dAPq4FmAMaXuA7pcErIkdwNVyHaIbLtss8SdZlD0Omg6G-l8K91t_BW2Co4_K9C-z_ra32pOEMMi8k-dAWtetZo085jx3dMmAWQ'}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML12', 'footer-col4', document.getElementById('HTML12'), {}, 'displayModeFull'));